absorption iz stomach (25%)
metabolized to acetaldehyde by stomach and LI
rate limiting enzyme: gastric alcohol dehydrogenase
men have more of it than women, per pound body wt
metabolism of ethanol-->acetaldehyde-->acetate
one NAD+-->NADH with each of above oxidation rxns
drinking binge w/o food intake-->high NADH relative to NAD
and of course you remember that NADH is made from niacin, vitamin B3
alcohol abuse is the most common cause of thiamine deficiency, B1

( biochemistry, nutrition and pathology notes, merged with black book feb 2013Collapse )

"The search for unpolluted drinking water is as old as civilization itself. As soon as there were mass human settlements, waterborne diseases like dysentery became a crucial population bottleneck. For much of human history, the solution to this chronic public-health issue was not purifying the water supply. The solution was to drink alcohol. In a community lacking pure-water supplies, the closest thing to "pure" fluid was alcohol. Whatever health risks were posed by beer (and later wine) in the early days of agrarian settlements were more than offset by alcohol's antibacterial properties. Dying of cirrhosis of the liver in your forties was better than dying of dysentery in your twenties. Many genetically minded historians believe that the confluence of urban living and the discovery of alcohol created a massive selection pressure on the genes of all humans who abandoned the hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Alcohol, after all, is a deadly poison and notoriously addictive. To digest large quantities of it, you need to be able to boost production of enzymes called alcohol dehydrogenases, a trait regulated by a set of genes on chromosome four in human DNA. Many early agrarians lacked that trait, and thus were genetically incapable of "holding their liquor." Consequently, many of them died childless at an early age, either from alcohol abuse or from waterborne diseases. Over generations, the gene pool of the first farmers became increasingly dominated by individuals who could drink beer on a regular basis. Most of the world population today is made up of descendants of those early beer drinkers, and we have largely inherited their genetic tolerance for alcohol. (The same is true of lactose tolerance, which went from a rare genetic trait to the mainstream among descendants of the herders, thanks to domestication of livestock.) The descendants of hunter gatherers--like many Native Americans or Australian Aborigines--were never forced through this genetic bottleneck, and so today they show disproportionate rates of alcoholism. The chronic drinking problem in Native American populations has been blamed on everything from the weak "Indian constitution" to the humiliating abuses of the U.S. reservation system. But their alcohol intolerance most likely has another explanation: their ancestors didn't live in towns."
--Steven Johnson, in The Ghost Map, pages 103-4.

SOURCE
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2013/01/06/dr-shade-on-mercury-exposure.aspx?e_cid=20130106_SNL_Art_1
( NOTESCollapse )

Supplements 101:
the Who What and Why of Dietary Supplement Manufacturing and Use in Clinical Practice

IATROGENIC AND OTC HYPOCHLORHYDRIA
tabs also not good for pts who are taking acid blocking meds (tagamet, etc)
without acid: don't digest proteins, don't absorb minerals
shakes bottle of tabs: as good as a maraca if you don't have acid
blocked acids in rats: made them more allergic to foods
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17227952?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=3
he asked the researcher, they're doing it in humans, same results
( guest lecturer week 7, this post has been moved forward in time: what forms of vitamins to take? good info here, esp on folate as relates to neurotransmitter manufactureCollapse )

Times article on same subject matter as lecture:
http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2020815,00.html
( notes from 1/10/11 lecture by Daniel L Mark, MD, PhDCollapse )

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/745359?src=mp&spon=34
is a review on this study:

Wilson KM, Kasperzyk JL, Rider JR, et al. Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk and progression in the health professionals follow-up study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:876-884. Epub 2011 May 17.

but this study
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/50/21/6836.short
found no correlation at least for survival of fatal prostate cancer, between coffee drinkers or not.

( ...and... coffee drinkers have higher testosterone! text here. video at link above.Collapse )

http://www.jarrow.com/product/188/Neuro_Optimizer consider this product via Vitacost



MY QUESTIONS
what are food sources of citicholine? can we get it from eating brains?
there is choline in eggs and liver. is there citicholine?? how much??
how easily does choline convert to citicholine?
can we support the conversion?
can we by pass this supp using diet???

CHOLINE DEFICIENCY is common (not citicholine, mind you!)
suspect if: fatty liver, hemorrhagic kidney necrosis, infertility, growth impairment, bone abnormalities, hypertension, cancer, atherosclerosis, glaucoma, neuro dz: Alzheimer's,. bipolar. LABS: incr ALT, incr HCYS

( notes, some background, linksCollapse )